Psychometric properties of the UCLA PTSD Reaction Index: Part I. The University of California at Los Angeles Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Trauma Psychiatry Service. The diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have evolved substantially since the disorder was introduced in DSM-III. Journal of Affective Disorders, 169, 40-46. PTSD prevalence and symptom structure of DSM-5 criteria in adolescents and young adults surviving the 2011 shooting in Norway. Part 2: Investigating factor structure findings in a national clinic-referred youth sample. Psychometric properties of the UCLA PTSD Reaction Index. DSM-5) is a proprietary instrument and administration requires a license from UCLA IP Marketplace:Įlhai, J. University of California, Los Angeles, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index (UCLA PTSD Index) for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed. Significant symptom-related distress or functional impairment (e.g., social, occupational).ĭisturbance is not due to medication, substance use, or other illness.University of California, Los Angeles, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index (UCLA PTSD Index), DSM-5 Source Persistence of above symptoms for more than one month. Trauma-related alterations in arousal and reactivity that began or worsened after the traumatic event: (two required) A central concern is that the current criteria may be too restrictive, potentially excluding individuals who genuinely suffer from PTSD. Constricted affect: persistent inability to experience positive emotions.Ĭriterion E: alterations in arousal and reactivity The DSM-5 criteria for diagnosing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) has been a cornerstone in the mental health field, but it’s not without its critics.Feeling alienated from others (e.g., detachment or estrangement).Markedly diminished interest in (pre-traumatic) significant activities.Persistent negative trauma-related emotions (e.g., fear, horror, anger, guilt, or shame).Persistent distorted blame of self or others for causing the traumatic event or for resulting consequences.Persistent (and often distorted) negative beliefs and expectations about oneself or the world (e.g., “I am bad, ” “The world is completely dangerous”).Inability to recall key features of the traumatic event (usually dissociative amnesia, not due to head injury, alcohol, or drugs).Negative alterations in cognitions and mood that began or worsened after the traumatic event: (two required) Trauma-related external reminders (e.g., people, places, conversations, activities, objects, or situations).Ĭriterion D: negative alterations in cognitions and mood.Persistent effortful avoidance of distressing trauma-related stimuli after the event: (one required) Marked physiologic reactivity after exposure to trauma-related stimuli.Intense or prolonged distress after exposure to traumatic reminders.Note: Children may reenact the event in play. Dissociative reactions (e.g., flashbacks), which may occur on a continuum from brief episodes to complete loss of consciousness.Note: Children may have frightening dreams without content related to the trauma(s). Note: Children older than six may express this symptom in repetitive play. Recurrent, involuntary, and intrusive memories.The traumatic event is persistently re-experienced in the following way(s): (one required) This does not include indirect non-professional exposure through electronic media, television, movies, or pictures. Repeated or extreme indirect exposure to aversive details of the event(s), usually in the course of professional duties (e.g., first responders, collecting body parts, professionals repeatedly exposed to details of child abuse).If the event involved actual or threatened death, it must have been violent or accidental. Indirectly, by learning that a close relative or close friend was exposed to trauma.The person was exposed to: death, threatened death, actual or threatened serious injury, or actual or threatened sexual violence, as follows: (one required) If they seem uncomfortably familiar, contact a professional or call the VA’s PTSD Crisis Lifeline at800-273-TALK (8255). These criteria are specific to adults, adolescents, and children older than six years. The VA’s National Center for PTSD has compiled a review of those changes, which we are republishing below. In 2013 the American Psychiatric Association revised the PTSD diagnostic criteria in the fifth edition of its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5).
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